Neste capítulo, apresento e sustento uma articulação da noção de habilidade corporal ou sensoriomotora a partir da psicologia ecológica e mostro como ela é relevante para o debate entre Dreyfus e McDowell sobre a lida habilidosa e também para o debate sobre se saber-fazer se reduz ou não a conhecimento proposicional. A metáfora correta para compreender habilidades corporais não é a do computador, mas a do rádio. Essas habilidades resultam de um processo de sintonização do organismo com o seu ambiente.

Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) das instituições de ensino básico, fundamental e médio, tanto públicas como particulares da região do litoral norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O texto relata as seguintes etapas: aquisição dos dados, construção do banco de dados georreferenciado, análise de algumas características das escolas (número de alunos, situação rural/urbana, escola indígena) e infraestrutura disponível (biblioteca, internet, quadra, pátio) e, finalmente, a representação visual da distribuição espacial das escolas e seus indicadores. A base espacial georreferenciada, contendo a localização das escolas, foi construída a partir das coordenadas geográficas fornecidas pela Secretaria Estadual de Educação e pela geocodificação através do ArcGis. A base de dados estatísticos foi coletada através do processamento dos microdados do Censo Escolar de 2018, do Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP).

ABSTRACT:

This work presents the development of a Geographic Information System (GIS) for the analysis of basic and high school institutions, both public and private in the northern coast of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The text reports the following steps: data acquisition, construction of the georeferenced database, analysis of some schools characteristics (number of students, rural / urban situation, indigenous school) and available infrastructure (library, internet, court, patio) and, finally, the visual representation of the spatial distribution of schools and their indicators. The georeferenced spatial base, containing the location of the schools, was built from the geographical coordinates provided by the State Department of Education and by geocoding through ArcGis. The statistical database was collected through the processing of microdata from the 2018 School Census, from National Institute for Educational Studies and Research "Anísio Teixeira" (INEP).

A short entry on Social Affordances. Social affordances are possibilities for social interaction or possibilities for action that are shaped by social practices and norms.

The extended mind thesis claims that some mental states and cognitive processes extend onto the environment. Items external to the organism or exploratory actions may constitute in part mental states and cognitive processes. In Clark and Chalmers’ original paper, ‘The Extended Mind’, this thesis receives support from the parity principle and from the active externalism. In their paper, more emphasis is given to the parity principle, which is presented as neutral regarding the nature of cognition. It would be advantageous to maintain that extended mental states and processes do not require a reform of our pre-theoretical view of cognition. In the present paper, I submit that we should give more emphasis on the active externalism, which, I argue, is not neutral regarding the nature of cognition. Cognition is viewed as successful adaptation to a specific task. Although this move may seem at first disadvantageous, it is necessary for the correct understanding and justification of Otto case as an example of extended mental state. Additionally, the parity principle cannot handle Weiskopf’s criticism that information registered in Otto’s notebook is not responsive to reasons. In order to address this criticism, we need to appeal to active externalism and its corresponding view of cognition.

Abstract
BACKGROUND:
To analyze the trends of oral and oropharyngeal cancer mortality in Uruguay between 1997 and 2014 according to sex and age groups and its possible association with sociodemographic factors.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
A time-series ecological study using secondary data was performed. The data about mortality due to oral and oropharyngeal cancers were obtained from the Statistics Vitals Department of the Public Health Ministry of Uruguay. To estimate the mortality trends of the historical series, by sex, anatomical site and age groups, linear regressions generated by the Prais-Winsten procedure were used.

RESULTS:
The analysis of mortality trends for oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers in Uruguay indicated that the global mortality rate was stable over the studied period. The women's mortality rate increased from 0.51 per 100,000 in 1997 to 0.65 per 100,000 in 2014 while for men, rates per 100,000 went from 3.22 in 1997 to 2.20 per 100,000 in 2014. Mortality from oral cancer in men decreased between 1997 and 2014. Mortality by oropharyngeal cancer, irrespective of sex, remained stable. Analysis by cancer site revealed decreasing trends tumors situated in the base of the tongue and gum. Years of education, unemployment, smoking and Gini index were not associated with mortality trends.

CONCLUSIONS:
The overall mortality from oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Uruguay has remained constant in the period between 1997 and 2014. Oral cancer mortality decreased in men and increased in women and decreased at the base of the tongue. It's necessary to continue monitoring the behavior of these diseases.