FABIO GONCALVES TEIXEIRA

The present study is divided in two constructive ways: conversion of volumetric bodies constituted by polygonal surfaces (quads) into surfaces NURBS and conformation of patterns or other polygonal entities on such volumetric bodies. There are numerous cases where the target topology cannot be converted to a single and unique NURBS surface, a procedure that would make the task of volumetric transposition easier and which would already be solved by the use of ready made parametric modeling tools. To carry out this article's tasks, generative modeling systems and associative parametrization strategies were adopted. The knowledge for the construction of the systems used in the present research can be used in different fields that have, as a paradigm, the design creativity as one of its beacons, such as Visual Arts, Architecture and Design. The present work aims to make use of digital manufacturing through laser cutting, 3D printing or CNC milling technologies, at the same time expanding strategies.

New products development is a highly complex activity, where applying methodologies and tools to support the engineering design process is fundamental in conducting the numerous activities between the phases involved. The conceptual design phase is a critical moment for product success, where access to the existingdesign knowledgeand the prior experience of the designer are the basis for building the creative process. Thus, the Design-by-Analogy (DbA) field isa design approach that uses analogousprocesses to stimulate ideas generation seeking innovative solutions through computational techniques and tools. In this context, this article aims to propose a model forasoftware developmentbased on DbA techniques to stimulate and assist designers during project process. To fulfill this objective, literature review and existing state of the art DbA software survey establish the knowledge bases for this study. Given extracted information from these sources, analysis criteria were defined for the existing software quality characteristics evaluation. This, combined a set of desirable characteristics to establish the requirements that guided theelaboration of theproposed model, specifying its components and structure. Theresult of this paper is the model proposal, where combining existing techniques and new components that explore alternative paths will promote advances in DbA field. This model will guide the development of a softwareto aid and stimulate the conceptual phase of the project, allowing the registration of the knowledge generated during the development of projects so that they can be reused in future projects, adds new possibilities giving continuity to the studies in digital tools to support the engineering design process.

A criatividade é um fator essencial para a competitividade dos produtos e o sucesso das empresas. Existe uma série de técnicas criativas que podem ser utilizadas por equipes de projeto de produto. Porém, ocorrem dificuldades na aplicação sistemática dessas técnicas no momento de gerar as concepções de projeto. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir o uso de técnicas criativas para a geração de ideias de produtos durante o Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produtos (PDP). Foi realizado um estudo experimental por meio do desenvolvimento de um produto que auxilie no transporte de crianças. O desenvolvimento do produto foi realizado até a etapa de projeto conceitual. Para isso, foi utilizado o jogo Creative Sketch na geração de ideias, assim como, técnicas de avaliação e seleção de concepções de projeto para eleger as concepções mais adequadas aos requisitos de projeto. A utilização do jogo possibilitou a geração de 72 ideias em um curto período de tempo. Além do jogo, utilizaram-se o método da síntese funcional e a técnica da matriz morfológica para a geração de alternativas, assim como o método de Pugh para a seleção das melhores alternativas. Como resultado desse processo obtiveram-se duas concepções de produto que atenderam aos requisitos de projeto estabelecidos. Palavras-chave: Criatividade, Técnicas para a geração de ideias, PDP, Jogo, Seleção de concepções.

This article investigates the systematization of technical education in “graphic design”, issues related to curriculum and to structuring guidelines of technical courses at secondary level, and also its technological area. It also explains the use of specific nomenclature in each mode of education, the relations of the verticalization of technical education at secondary level, according to the Ministry of Education and considerations related to professional occupations listed in the Brazilian Classification of Occupations of the Ministry of Labor and Employment. The article also explores the national and international scientific competitions, associated with professional education at secondary level often entitled Knowledge Olympics or Professional Training Tournaments. The information presented uses the National Catalogue of Technical Courses proposed in 2008, the Brazilian Classification of Occupations, the Knowledge Olympics guidelines developed and organized by the National Service of Industrial Education, and the rules and guidelines of the International Tournament of Professional Training - WorldSkills Competition- as a checking basis. In addition, the study aims to reflect on a contribution to the labor market and also to the technological, scientific and cultural development of the society through the verticalization of technical education supported by scientific competitions in the graphic design field.

The present study focused on the inclusion of visually impaired individuals in regular and special
need education based on the proposal of educational resources to be applied in different
disciplines. This study case involved the development of models of nanostructured systems. The
production of these models included image design and stylization, 3D virtual modeling and 3D
print. The representation techniques used in this study generated a didactic kit for the teaching of
nanostructured systems. The proposed models can be used for both sighted and visually impaired
students, whether blind or with low vision.

A criatividade é um fator essencial para a competitividade dos produtos e o sucesso das empresas. Existe uma série de técnicas criativas que podem ser utilizadas por equipes de projeto de produto. Porém, ocorrem dificuldades na aplicação sistemática dessas técnicas no momento de gerar as concepções de projeto. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir o uso de técnicas criativas para a geração de ideias de produtos durante o Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produtos (PDP). Foi realizado um estudo experimental por meio do desenvolvimento de um produto que auxilie no transporte de crianças. O desenvolvimento do produto foi realizado até a etapa de projeto conceitual. Para isso, foi utilizado o jogo Creative Sketch na geração de ideias, assim como, técnicas de avaliação e seleção de concepções de projeto para eleger as concepções mais adequadas aos requisitos de projeto. A utilização do jogo possibilitou a geração de 72 ideias em um curto período de tempo. Além do jogo, utilizaram-se o método da síntese funcional e a técnica da matriz morfológica para a geração de alternativas, assim como o método de Pugh para a seleção das melhores alternativas. Como resultado desse processo obtiveram-se duas concepções de produto que atenderam aos requisitos de projeto estabelecidos. Palavras-chave: Criatividade, Técnicas para a geração de ideias, PDP, Jogo, Seleção de concepções.

The goal this article is to show an alternative to the process of making orthoses of a lower limb through of 3D scanning system of cost low. This alternative eliminates the plaster process traditionally utilized in the manufacture of orthoses of the lower limb. Therefore, was done an analysis of the manufacturing process orthoses in a specialist manufactory in a Porto Alegre – RS city. After that was done a 3D scanning in a subject for verification of possibility to make a virtual 3D model of the scanned leg. The 3D scanner utilized during the 3D scanning process was the Kinect device of the Microsoft. Thus, the manufacturing process orthoses by 3D scanning obtained satisfactory results, may be a solution for replaced of plaster model in the manufacturing process. The work is in progress for verification and analysis of precision between the plaster models and virtual model obtained through of the low-cost 3D scanning system.

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