FABIO GONCALVES TEIXEIRA

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The present study is divided in two constructive ways: conversion of volumetric bodies constituted by polygonal surfaces (quads) into surfaces NURBS and conformation of patterns or other polygonal entities on such volumetric bodies. There are numerous cases where the target topology cannot be converted to a single and unique NURBS surface, a procedure that would make the task of volumetric transposition easier and which would already be solved by the use of ready made parametric modeling tools. To carry out this article's tasks, generative modeling systems and associative parametrization strategies were adopted. The knowledge for the construction of the systems used in the present research can be used in different fields that have, as a paradigm, the design creativity as one of its beacons, such as Visual Arts, Architecture and Design. The present work aims to make use of digital manufacturing through laser cutting, 3D printing or CNC milling technologies, at the same time expanding strategies.

The aim is to develop a method for obtaining anthropometric parameters using a low cost three-dimensional digitizer. The research methodology is divided in five steps: literature review; collection and analysis of anthropometric data using the direct method and also the development of the indirect method for obtaining anthropometric measurements; comparison and data analysis; discussion of results and the completion of the research. The digitization process developed it is based on Microsoft Kinect, a low-cost device, and also on the software kscan3D. For the anthropometric collection from the three-dimensional model is used Autodesk 3D Studio Max. This research presents requirements and constraints for generate the three-dimensional model in order to obtain a mesh with satisfactory precision. It is presented a flowchart to guide the implementation of the developed method in the design process as well as a summary table containing guidelines for this application. The developed method achieved 97.96% of compatibility considering the results of the measured variables in relation to the direct method. These results were obtained with an exposure time of the individual of only 3 minutes and 28 seconds, which is less than the time required in the direct method – 1 hour and 12 minutes. This demonstrates one major contribution of the developed method.

The aim of this paper is comparing both tridimensional scanners: white light Artec Eva; and Infra-red light Microsoft Kinect. This comparison enables evaluate possibilities of these equipments for developing user-centered product projects. It was carried out comparison's concerning both precision and dimensional deviation through virtual and physical models generated by CAD and CAM systems. It was verified the need of eliminating the human body movement by using physical models in the performed analysis. As a result, both scanners demonstrated measurement precision, with the advantage of Artec Eva over Microsoft Kinect. The selection of the most appropriated scanner concerning the projects needs evolves factors such as: the available cost for the project; and the required precision fidelity for the aimed product. Both digital scanners considered in this paper contribute to the development of customized products, showing the relationships between tools and needed product fidelity.

Dados obtidos com o Censo Demográfico, em 2010, revelaram que quase 24% da população brasileira possuem algum tipo de deficiência, sendo a deficiência visual a de maior ocorrência. Dentre as políticas sociais que buscam atender às diferentes necessidades dos cidadãos, vale destacar o direito universal à educação. Recursos didáticos de diferentes naturezas vêm sendo empregados como ferramenta para auxiliar o ensino-aprendizagem de pessoas com deficiência visual. Vale, porém, questionar se esses recursos são realmente eficazes na compreensão de determinados conteúdos? Assim, o presente trabalho propõe a validação de modelos didáticos 3D para permitir a compreensão de sistemas nanoestruturados por deficientes visuais. A avaliação dos modelos foi realizada por usuário cego e, para tanto, foi utilizada uma adaptação do instrumento SETT (Alunos, Ambiente, Tarefas e Ferramentas). Os resultados indicam que os modelos produzidos por impressão 3D necessitam de revisão no que tange à legenda em Braille, mas, quanto aos demais aspectos, são viáveis para o uso como recurso didático para alunos com deficiência visual.

The purpose is to evaluate models obtained by different 3D scanning systems, and that the geometric variations can generate implications for anthropometric measurements for custom product design. For comparison and analysis, the right leg of a subject was scanned by white light 3D scanner (Artec Eva) and the infrared scanner (Microsoft Kinect). 3D models obtained by the scanners were compared using the Geomagic Qualify software. Also, by CNC machining of visual comparisons were performed analysis, for pressure mapping and thermography. The results were satisfactory both for the use of Kinect scanner and for Artec Eve. However, there was a dimensional difference of about 7 mm between the 3D models, which shows higher accuracy measures the models obtained by Eve Artec scanner. However, does not invalidate the use of Kinect for developing custom product designs. What will determine the most suitable for each type 3D scanner product is the degree of accuracy necessary for the product to perform its function with greater comfort and efficiency.

The present study focused on the inclusion of visually impaired individuals in regular and special
need education based on the proposal of educational resources to be applied in different
disciplines. This study case involved the development of models of nanostructured systems. The
production of these models included image design and stylization, 3D virtual modeling and 3D
print. The representation techniques used in this study generated a didactic kit for the teaching of
nanostructured systems. The proposed models can be used for both sighted and visually impaired
students, whether blind or with low vision.

This paper presents the main contributions of the research group Virtual Design (ViD) to the learning process of Descriptive Geometry (DG) in line with the principles of design-based learning. First, the paper presents the theoretical framework that bases the main ViD initiatives applied to the learning of DG, including design-based learning and physical and virtual modelling. The initiatives presented include a learning cycle based on concrete and virtual experiences in the design context. These initiatives that feed the learning of DG are the result of academic research of the Virtual Design research group, also involving Masters and PhD projects, with repercussions on the development of new methods, new technologies and new products, and the quality of education.

This paper presents the main contributions of the research group Virtual Design (ViD) to the learning process of Descriptive Geometry (DG) in line with the principles of project-based learning. First, the paper presents the theoretical framework that bases the main ViD initiatives applied to the learning of DG, including design-based learning and physical and virtual modelling. The initiatives presented include a learning cycle based on concrete and virtual experiences in the design context. These initiatives that feed the learning of DG are the result of academic research of the Virtual Design research group, also involving Masters and PhD projects, with repercussions on the development of new methods, new technologies and new products, and the quality of education.