A criatividade é um fator essencial para a competitividade dos produtos e o sucesso das empresas. Existe uma série de técnicas criativas que podem ser utilizadas por equipes de projeto de produto. Porém, ocorrem dificuldades na aplicação sistemática dessas técnicas no momento de gerar as concepções de projeto. O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir o uso de técnicas criativas para a geração de ideias de produtos durante o Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produtos (PDP). Foi realizado um estudo experimental por meio do desenvolvimento de um produto que auxilie no transporte de crianças. O desenvolvimento do produto foi realizado até a etapa de projeto conceitual. Para isso, foi utilizado o jogo Creative Sketch na geração de ideias, assim como, técnicas de avaliação e seleção de concepções de projeto para eleger as concepções mais adequadas aos requisitos de projeto. A utilização do jogo possibilitou a geração de 72 ideias em um curto período de tempo. Além do jogo, utilizaram-se o método da síntese funcional e a técnica da matriz morfológica para a geração de alternativas, assim como o método de Pugh para a seleção das melhores alternativas. Como resultado desse processo obtiveram-se duas concepções de produto que atenderam aos requisitos de projeto estabelecidos. Palavras-chave: Criatividade, Técnicas para a geração de ideias, PDP, Jogo, Seleção de concepções.

The goal this article is to show an alternative to the process of making orthoses of a lower limb through of 3D scanning system of cost low. This alternative eliminates the plaster process traditionally utilized in the manufacture of orthoses of the lower limb. Therefore, was done an analysis of the manufacturing process orthoses in a specialist manufactory in a Porto Alegre – RS city. After that was done a 3D scanning in a subject for verification of possibility to make a virtual 3D model of the scanned leg. The 3D scanner utilized during the 3D scanning process was the Kinect device of the Microsoft. Thus, the manufacturing process orthoses by 3D scanning obtained satisfactory results, may be a solution for replaced of plaster model in the manufacturing process. The work is in progress for verification and analysis of precision between the plaster models and virtual model obtained through of the low-cost 3D scanning system.

This work presents the HyperCAL 3D, an application to support the teaching and learning process of Descriptive Geometry through the study of solid objects. The methodology used for its implementation and the main features of the application are described. A selection of concepts was carried out to determine the functional structure of the software should have. From this, the main features were modeled through processes of vector geometry equivalent to that used in Descriptive Geometry. The main features introduced include the projection process, the representation of hidden lines in the three-dimensional model and the projections, successive auxiliary views in real time, and the intersection process. All these tools are implemented in an application that aids the learning process of the students and the teaching procedures of professors.

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This work aims to pre-operatively manufacture custom-made low-cost implants and physical models (biomodels) of fractured skulls. The pre-DOI: operative manufacturing of biomodels and implants allows physicians to study and plan surgery with a greater possibility of achieving the expected result. Customization contributes to both the esthetic and functional outcome of the implant because it considers the anatomy of each patient, while the low cost allows a greater number of people to potentially benefit. From CT images of a fractured skull, a CAD model of the skull (biomodel) and a restorative implant were constructed digitally. The biomodel was then physically constructed with 3D Printing, and Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) was used to manufacture the implant from a sheet of pure grade 2 titanium. Before cutting the implant’s final shape from a pre-formed sheet, heat treatment was performed to avoid deformations caused by residual stresses generated during the ISF process. A comparison of the dimensions of the implant and its respective CAD biomodel revealed geometric discrepancies that can affect both functional and aesthetic efficiency. Nevertheless, the final shape preserved symmetry between the right and left sides of the skull. Electron microscopy analysis did not indicate the presence of elements other than pure titanium. Dimensional variability can be decreased with changes in the manufacturing process (i.e., forming and cutting) and the heating ramp. Despite biomedical characteristics, there was no contamination of the implant by harmful chemical elements. 3D Printing was effective in making the biomodel, enabling pre-operative planning and improving physician-patient communication. Current results indicate that ISF is a process that can be used to obtain custom-made implants.