Novas entradas sobre a filosofia dos séculos XVI e XVII no portal Philpapers
Watson, Joshua L.: Leibniz on the laws of nature and the best deductive system
_Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A_ 43 (4):577-584. 2012Many philosophers who do not analyze laws of nature as the axioms and theorems of the best deductive systems nevertheless believe that membership in those systems is evidence for being a law. This raises the question, “If the best systems analysis fails, what explains the fact that being a member of the best systems is evidence for being a law?” In this essay I answer this question on behalf of Leibniz. I argue that although Leibniz’s philosophy of laws is inconsistent with the best systems analysis, his philosophy of nature’s perfection enables him to explain why membership in the best systems is evidence for being a law of nature.
Cavell, Stanley: Must we mean what we say?
In Vere Claiborne Chappell (ed.), _Ordinary language: essays in philosophical method_. New York: Dover Publications. pp. 172 – 212. 1964No abstract
Dear, Peter: Jesuit mathematical science and the reconstitution of experience in the early seventeenth century
_Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A_ 18 (2):133-175. 1987
Stan, Marius: Newtonianism and the physics of du Châtelet's _Institutions de physique_
In Anna Marie Roos & Gideon Manning (eds.), _Collected Wisdom of the Early Modern Scholar: Essays in Honor of Mordechai Feingold_. Springer. pp. 277-97. 2022Much scholarship has claimed the physics of Emilie du Châtelet’s treatise, Institutions de physique, is Newtonian. I argue against that idea. To do so, I distinguish three strands of meaning for the category ‘Newtonian science,’ and I examine her book against them. I conclude that her physics is not Newtonian in any useful or informative sense. To capture what is specific about it, we need better interpretive categories.
Reichenberger, Andrea: Émilie du Châtelets „Institutions physiques“. Über die Rolle von Prinzipien und Hypothesen in der Physik.
Im Mittelpunkt der vorliegenden Studie steht die Frage nach der Tragweite und Anwendungsrelevanz der Methodenlehre Émilie du Châtelets für die Physik im 18. Jahrhundert, mit der sich die Französin an der Diskussion um Energie- und Impulserhaltung und um das Prinzip der kleinsten Wirkung beteiligte. Andrea Reichenberger zeigt, dass Prinzipien und Hypothesen für Émilie du Châtelet als Fundament und Gerüst wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis gelten. Im Zusammenspiel beider Komponenten erweisen sich das Prinzip des Widerspruchs und das Prinzip des zureichenden Grundes als regulative Leitlinien und Handlungsmaxime für die auf Hypothesen gestützte Theoriebildung und -begründung. Die sich daraus ergebenden Konsequenzen für den Status und Inhalt der Newtonschen Axiome werden exemplarisch aufgezeigt.
Broad, Jacqueline: Women Philosophers of the Seventeenth Century
In this rich and detailed study of early modern women's thought, Jacqueline Broad explores the complexity of women's responses to Cartesian philosophy and its intellectual legacy in England and Europe. She examines the work of thinkers such as Mary Astell, Elisabeth of Bohemia, Margaret Cavendish, Anne Conway and Damaris Masham, who were active participants in the intellectual life of their time and were also the respected colleagues of philosophers such as Descartes, Leibniz and Locke. She also illuminates the continuities between early modern women's thought and the anti-dualism of more recent feminist thinkers. The result is a more gender-balanced account of early modern thought than has hitherto been available. Broad's clear and accessible exploration of this still-unfamiliar area will have a strong appeal to both students and scholars in the history of philosophy, women's studies and the history of ideas.
Cassirer, Ernst: Filosofía de la ilustración
Cuando se habla del Siglo de las Luces se ha rebasado toda indicación secular o centenaria, y se ha caracterizado con precisión una época histórica del pensamiento y la acción occidental. Kant, en sus últimos años, le coloca el colofón con su ensayo ¿Qué es la Ilustración?,descubriendo la raíz de la época en el ¡Sapere aude! (¡Atrévete a saber!) Es la historia de este atrevimiento la que nos cuenta Ernst Cassirer.
Braga, Gaetano Capone: La filosofia francese e italiana del settecento
Arezzo,: Edizioni delle 'Pagine critiche'. 1920
Cassirer, Ernst: The philosophy of the enlightenment
While visiting a friend's family in Cornwall during the traditional May Day celebrations, eighteen-year-old Laura becomes involved in an old family mystery concerning the disappearance of ancient heirlooms.
Gaos, José: Museo de filósofos
Prólogo, por J. Gaos.--Discurso del método, por R. Descartes.--Sobre Descartes, por A. Baillet y S. de Sorbière.--Vida de Spinoza, por J. Colérus.--Elogio de Leibniz, por B. Le Bovier de Fontenelle.
Strazzoni, Andrea: The didactic, persuasive and scientific uses of illustrations after Descartes
_Noctua_ 2 (1-2):432-480. 2015The aim of this article is to unveil the ways of teaching new philosophical paradigms in Dutch Universities between Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century, by means of an analysis of the uses of illustrations in Cartesian and Newtonian natural-philosophical textbooks. This analysis allows to understand the overall functions of philosophical textbooks, where illustrations act as conceptual means, filling the gap between the premise of a theory and its actual contents; didactic means, aiming to help the reader in understanding scientific models fully explained in texts; promoting or propagandistic instruments, useful to present theories in a fascinating way. Eventually, I argue for a positive correlation of the use of illustrations and the introduction of new philosophies, and for the existence of non-philosophical reasons for such use: as to the propagandistic function of illustrations intended as decorative means.
Casalini, Cristiano: Benedictus Pererius and the ordo doctrinae. Lessons and texts in the first Jesuits' philosophy
_Noctua_ 2 (1-2):204-232. 2015Contrary to a long-lasting caricature, which depicted the Jesuits as prone followers of the pedagogical dictate of Aristotle, the Jesuits were among the firsts to challenge his established order of books and questions. In the second half of the Sixteenth century, some Jesuit professors of philosophy, such as Benet Perera, the Coimbrans, and Francisco Suárez, consistently and purportedly modified the traditional order of discipline for dealing with philosophical issues, according the rational order of doctrine. In particular, this paper presents the case of Benet Perera, by following his pedagogical paths both in classes and published writings.
Milani, Nausicaa Elena: Motion and God in XVIIth Century Cartesian manuals: Rohault, Régis and Gadroys
_Noctua_ 2 (1-2):481-516. 2015This work takes into account three Cartesian manuals diffused in 17th century France ; Jacques Rohault, Traité de physique ; Pierre-Sylvain Régis, Cours entier de philosophie, ou système general selon les principes de M. Descartes contenant la logique, la metaphysique, la physique et la morale ) in order to question if the development of an empirical attitude in the scientific research influenced their approaches to the study of motion. The article intends to deepen the role that these authors give to God in the physical structure of the universe with the purpose of investigating whether their analysis of motion is untainted by the metaphysical component or on what terms it remains linked to it.
Forlivesi, Marco: The Ratio studiorum of the conventual Franciscans in the Baroque Age and the cultural-political background to the Scotist philosophy Cursus of Bartolomeo Mastri and Bonaventura Belluto
_Noctua_ 2 (1-2):253-384. 2015During the century following the Council of Trent, two trends within Catholic religious orders matured: the first consisted in unifying and strengthening the Order’s culture by focussing on one author of reference; the other in elaborating a new way of presenting that author’s doctrines. In the case of the Friars Minor Conventuals, these trends were fostered in the second decade of the seventeenth century by the minister general of the Order, Giacomo Montanari, who promoted the idea that providing the Order with new works featuring innovative didactic characteristics and a renewed defence of the doctrines of John Duns Scotus was a prime way to lead an authentic religious life. Bartolomeo Mastri and Bonaventura Belluto’s “philosophiae cursus ad mentem Scoti” was probably the major result of this impulse. This essay examines the ways in which this process occurred and the outcomes to which it led.
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